159 |
PLANNING FOR X-RAY SECTION |
VA Menon-: NTI Newsletter 1965, 2, 38-41. |
Insufficient technical understanding, poor selection
and poor planning result in procurement of X-ray equipments that
breakdown quickly. Some guidelines are given in this article
for planning and procuring x ray equipment for district level
hospitals. First of all, it is essential to have an X-ray room and
a dark room ready before ordering the equipment. Otherwise, the
equipment would lie in the sun and moisture leading to early repairs.
The X-ray room should be at least 16 feet 20 feet with a ceiling
height of 10 16 feet. It should be painted with light shade
of colour. Wooden panel shutters are advisable. Flourescent light
is not recommended as it leaves an after glow. Dark room should
be adjacent to X-ray room with light tight windows and an exhaust.
Powerline also should be ready before equipment is ordered. It is
extremely important to check the voltage drop and electrical
requirements of the equipment before ordering. It is better to order
a machine which can tolerate a higher voltage drop as it will function
more reliably under poor line conditions than the one which tolerates
only a low voltage drop.
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KEY WORDS: X-RAY EQUIPMENTS, PLANNING. |
161 |
SOME TECHNICAL PROBLEMS CONNECTED WITH EFFECTIVE
UTILISATION OF X-RAY EQUIPMENT IN NATIONAL TUBERCULOSIS PROGRAMME |
VA Menon-: NTI Newsletter 1970, 8, 88-93. |
This paper highlights some of the Technical, Economical
and Operational problems encountered in 1955 60 when the National
Tuberculosis Programme was being evolved wherein considerable importance
was laid on diagnosis of patients using mass miniature radiography.
Technological imperfections seen were: 1) High breakdown rates of
X-ray units 2) Though power supply was available, the quality
of powerline was such that X-ray could not work satisfactorily
in 75% of them. Moreover, running cost of X-ray unit when using
petrol generator was very high. This can be reduced by connecting
the unit to power supply. Reduced sensitivity and specificity of
the X-ray is another operational deficiency. The number of suspects
diagnosed was 7 times the actual number of cases and probably 60%
of cases were being missed also.
In order to solve these problems, the suggestions
given were 1) X-ray equipment capable of working from low capacity
powerlines without loss in standard of performance is desirable.
2) Flouroscopic image intensifiers using solid state panels
which are easy to operate and maintain can probably improve the
reliability of flouroscopic examinations without increasing the
radiation dose. 3) Electronic contrast enhancement of films
are possible and this could improve the diagnostic reliability.
Research is needed to improve contrast perceptibility without increase
in radiation.
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KEY WORDS: X-RAY EQUIPMENT, UTILIZATION, CONTROL
PROGRAMME. |