The study investigated the family background and other socio-economic factors in TB patients as well as the personality pattern and frequency of depression among them. The sample was drawn from the out-patients' clinic of TB and Chest Diseases, S.R.N. Hospital, Allahabad, during February-March 1978 and was restricted only to proven cases of pulmonary TB. A control group of an equal number of cases undergoing treatment for long-term fever of any etiology except TB, was selected from those admitted in the same hospital, after matching age, sex and economic status. First, detailed information concerning the family background and behavior pattern was obtained through a semi-structured interview. Subsequently, the subjects were administered the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (1966). Depression was observed in 32 of the experimental subjects in comparison to 7 of controls. Test results also indicated significantly high scores on the Hamilton Rating Scale for depression among experimental subjects.