The article is written in an era of hospitalization in the sixties, before domiciliary treatment was studied and recommended. The editor of the journal recommends that low resource countries should consider social aspects besides the economic ones for creation of hospital colonies for the treatment of TB. Without considering the local, social peculiarities of social and cultural heterogenecity, stigma, social competition and mortality, the efforts of segregation may represent greater hardships to an individual or to a family than the disease itself and a curtailed life. The editor quotes the plan approved by the Mexican National Security Administration which has included the social and other aspects besides economic ones. He recommended that social traits and local peculiarities to be kept in mind while formulating such plans. He further stresses that progress in the social sciences requires that, today, efforts for the control of TB be preceded in the underdeveloped area of the world by adequately integrated surveys of the whole situation in which the disease is transmitted. By temperament and by habit, administrators are fond of buildings and physical structures which demonstrate investment; but without basic objective knowledge of the people, of the spirit and structure of the society to which they belong, the buildings may remain deserted, and costly physical structures with all the niceties of modern science may be inadequate. That knowledge is today within our reach.