The first section of this chapter is devoted to a brief description of the historical background of TB associations world-wide. The rest of the chapter is concerned with the genesis and activities of the TAI. TAI’s noteworthy include the annual organisation of conferences of the TB and Chest Diseases Workers in different parts of India, the regular programme of health education activities conducted from its inception, the starting of the IJTB, a quarterly that is globally respected, and the setting up of the Technical Committee to review questions relating to the teaching of TB at various stages of medical education. Above all, the most effective and outstanding contribution by TAI has been the TB Seal Sale Campaign, started in 1950 and conducted during Oct. 2 - Jan. 26, every year. This Campaign has been the single, sweeping, all-India propaganda effort with potentialities to involve the masses in the anti-TB movement and canvass their full participation in implementing the National Control Programme. Every year, the people of India buy over 30 million TB Seals on an average and use them on their mail, though the seals have no postal value. It is suggested that the TAI take up a wide variety of measures including serving as watch-dogs of official programmes, determining the community’s needs concerning TB control, educating the public to promote domiciliary treatment and to reduce drug-default.